Interleukin-10 level in occult hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patient

Interleukin 10 is a critical immunoregulatory molecule, produced mainly by macrophage, Th2 and regulatory T cells, is a potent immunosuppressive cytokine with anti-inflammatory activity. Detection of the serum level of IL-10 in OCI in HD patients. 75 HD patients from HD units in Assiut university Hospital, were enrolled in this study, and IL-10 were measured in 8 patients with OCI, 68 HD without OCI and 10 normal subjects as a control. The level of IL-10 was highly significantly increased in HD patient with OCI than in HD patients without OCI [P< 0.001], and in HD patients than normal subject [P<0.001] There is significant increase as regarding ALT [P<0.001], AST [P< 0.001], in occult HCV infection in HD patients. Our data revealed a high serum level of IL-10 in occult HCV infection in HD patients with persistently abnormal elevated levels of liver enzymes than HD patients without OCI

Gadolinium-DTPA: a contrastagent for conventional x-ray and CT examinations; when? why and how?

It was noticed that Gadolinium-based contrast agents produced vascular and tissue enhancement on computed tomographic [CT] scans obtained in patients after magnetic resonance [MR] imaging examinations. It also have been used as an alternative to iodinated contrast agents in angiography. This study was performed to assess more systematically the potential utility of gadolinium based contrast agent at both CT and conventional X-ray procedures .Fifteen patients were examined with Gd-DTPA as a contrast medium for CT of Brain [5 patients], CT abdomen [5 patients] and another five patients underwent routine intravenous urography [IVU] examination. Single cut level dynamic scan for CT examinations performed after intravenous injection of the Gd-DTPA as a bolus technique and time enhancement curves for different tissues of interest were drown. Gd-DTPA showed satisfactory diagnostic visualization of the urinary system, good contrast visualization of the veins, and Good enhancement of the brain vascularity, but milder degrees of tissue enhancement for parenchymatous organs occurred however the aorta showed good diagnostic enhancement. We concluded that gadolinium may be an alternative CT contrast agents for patients who cannot receive iodinated contrast agents and in whom contrast-enhanced CT is the examination of choice. While the current high cost of gadolinium-based contrast agents might prohibit their routine use, the cost might be justifiable in various infrequent clinical situations, particularly for vascular studies

overview about drug abuse in Egypt

This study was conducted on 200 Pharmacists to find out the drug groups commonly abused, to identify personnel responsible for drug abuse and study the factors affecting drug abuse. Those subjects were chosen randomly to represent urban and rural communities. Our results were tabulated, analysed statistically and discussed

effect of different flap design on periodontal pocket depths after removal of impacted third molar

The effect of different access flap on periodontal pocket depth distal to the second molar after removal of the adjacent third molar was done in this study. The use of envelope flap in group I showed a significant reducation of the pocket depth after removal of both partially and completely impacted teeth. While in group II in which the releasing incision was in contact with the second molar, the pocket depth was significantly increased, but in group III when the releasing incision was placed 2-3 m.m. Distal to the second molar, the pocket depth was minimally improved

Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive versus suturing in wound closure

The purpose of this study was to compare histologically the use of a tissue adhesive [N. Butyl-2-cyanoacrylate] versus sutures in sixteen adult albino rats. Two incisions were made in the either side of the tongue, approximately 2 cm. in length. The right side was used as a control and closure was attained by 4/0 silk sutures, the left side was used as the experimental site. Another similar procedure was done on the either side of the skin of the same rat. Groups of 4 animals were sacrificed at 2, 7, 14 and 21 days postoperatively. In this experiment, it was shown that, where the use of cyanoacrylate as tissue adhesive did not produce any deleterious effects and well tolerated by the tissues. The healing with the tissue adhesive on wounds gave similar results to the suture side but the healing was more rapid on suture aite. There is no difference between the healing with cyanoacrylate on both tongue and skin wound. Also the present investigation revealed that the formed epithelium in glued side was more regular than the suture side. We can conclude that cyanoacrylate is as effective as suture in oro-facial wound closure and not superior to it

Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive versus suturing in wound closure [B] clinical application in orofacial surgery

The use of cyanoacrylate for wound closure is safe whether intraorally or in the skin of the face. Several advantages are observed in the early postoperative period, immediate haemostasis, time saving, better sealing of the wound and improved healing rate. Patients are also comfortable and less apprehensive when local anaesthesia is used. Absence of suture marks is especially appreciated by patients with facial skin wounds closed by cyanoacrylate. On the other hand, some difficulties are met with during application. The high cost of the material is another disadvantage. We can conclude that cyanoacrylate can be a new addition and aid for the conventional method of wound closure